Power-transmission mechanism.



PATRN'TRD PRB. 25. 1'90R J. U. BAKER.

POWER TRANSMISSION MRGHANISM.

APPLICATION FILED JULY 19, 1907.

RSHRRTs-SHERT 1,

w @5% valga/77 Z 3&2@ r

@10d muws f, M fr. 1 l

1m: NoRms Pzrans coA, wAsHlNcruN. n. c,

No. 880,267. PATENTBD FEB. 25, 1908.'

J. U. BAKER.

POWER TRANSMISSION MESHANISM.

APPLIGTION vFUII'ID JULY 19, 1907.

Y 2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

S be

l I l vwentot mi Nonni: Flyin: ca., vusHmaroN, DV f:A

JONATHAN U. BAKER, OF STOUTSVILLE, OHIO.

POWER-TRANSMISSION MECHANISM.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Feb. 25, 1908.

Application filed Julv 19. 1907. Serial No. 384.558.

To all whom it may concern.'

Be it known that I, JONATHAN U. BAKER, citizen of the United States,residing at Stoutsville, in the county of Fairfield and State of Ohio,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Power-TransmissionMechanism, of which the following is a specifica-tion.

My invention relates to transmission mechanism particularly adapted foruse upon automobiles, though it may be used for other purposes ifdesired, the object of the invention being to provide a device of thischaracter by means of which motion at high speed, low speed or in areverse direction may be imparted to a driven shaft, while the drivingor engine shaft continues to rotate at a uniform speed in one direction.

A Further objects and advantages of the invention will be set forth inthe detailed description which now follows.

In the accompanying drawings: Figure 1V is a side elevation of atransmission gearing constructed in accordance with the invention, andFig. 2 is a horizontal section uponv line x-c of Fig. 1.

Like numerals designate corresponding parts in both of the figures ofthe drawing.

Referring to the drawing, 5designates a preferably rectangularsupporting fram-e which is composed of angle plates 6, said angle platesbeing riveted to each other as at 7. A longitudinally extending andcentrally disposed bracket 8 is bolted to the end plates 6 of the frame5 by nuts and bolts 9. This bracket 8 has hangers 10 depending therefromand a controlling rod 11 is slidably disposed in openings 12 of thesebrackets. These openings are slightly larger than the rod. At its outerend this rod is pivotally connected as at 13 to a lever 14, said leverbeing in turn pivoted at 15 in an extension 16 of the bracket 8. At itsupper end this lever is forked and the forked portions of the lever arebifurcated as at 17 for the reception of blocks 18, these blockssurrounding pins 19 which are carried by a split ring 20. This ring isprovided with upstanding ears -21 which are adapted to be clampedtogether by a nut and bolt 22. This ring when clamped in :this position,lies between collars 23 and 24 which are fixed to a driven shaft 25 byset screws 26. It is to be understood that this driven shaft may beconnected to the aXle of an automobile or other device to be driven atvarying speeds in any desired manner. This driven shaft is slidablydisposed in a bearing 27 supported by the frame 5 and in a secondbearing 28 which extends upwardly from the bracket 8.

Splined upon the shaft 25 by a feather key 29, is a friction cone 30,the periphery or outer working face of which is covered by leather,fiber or other suitable frictional material indicated at 31. The hub ofthis .cone is recessed as at 32 for the reception of a ring This ringcarries pins 34 and the inner ends of links 35 engage these pins and areheld in engagement therewith by set screws 36. The outer ends of theselinks are secured to a block 37 and the lower end of a lever 38 carriesthis block. This lever is pivoted as at 39 in an extension 40 of abearing cap 41 which forms a portion of the bearing 28. At its upper endthe lever 38 is pivotally connected as at 42 to a controlling rod 43.

Upon the inner end of the driven shaft 25, a friction cup cone 44 issecured. This cup cone has an outer working face 45 which is covered byfrictional material 46 and an inner working face 47. Olamped upon theinner reduced end of the shaft 25 is a second cone 49, the outer surfaceof which is covered by fractional material 50. A nut 51 holds the cone49 in position.

A driving shaft 52 to which motion may be imparted by an engine in theusual and well known manner, has a friction cone 53 splined thereon by afeather key 54. The hub of this cone is recessed as at 55 for thereception of a ring 56 said ring carrying pins 57 which are surroundedby blocks 58 said blocks in turn being engaged by the forked ends 59 ofa lever 60. This lever is pivoted as at 61 in an extension 62 of abearing cap 63, said bearing cap, together with a second bearing cap 64,forming a bearing for the shaft 52. Friction material 65 such as fiber,leather or the like, covers the face of the cone 53. FiXedly mountedupon the extreme inner end of the shaft 52 is a second friction cup cone66. This cup cone has an outer working face 67 which is covered byfriction material 68 and an inner working face 69 which is at certaintimes engaged by the frictional material of the cone 49.

J ack shafts 70 are mounted in bearings 71 and 72 and friction disks 73.are keyed upon the inner ends .of these jack shafts. Anti frictiondevices 74 are preferably arranged between the hubs of these frictiondisks and the bearings 72, though these anti-friction devices may bedispensed with if desired. rlhe friction cones 73 each have two workingfaces 75 and 76.

The operation of the device is as follows: When it is desired to drivethe shaft 25 at high speed, the rod 11 is shifted to the right inFig. 1. This slides the shaft 25 bodily to the left through theconnections described and throws the working surface of the cone 49 intoengagement with the working face 69 of the cone 66. It also throws theworking surface 47 of the cup cone 44 into engagement with the outerworking face of the cone 6,5. This results in locking the engine shaft52 to the driven shaft 25 and the shaft 25 the same rate of speed as theengine shaft.

When it is desired to run the driven shaft.

25 at a low speed, the rod 11 is actuated to move the -shaft 25 `enoughto throw the cones 49 and 44 out of engagement with the cone 66 and atthe -same time throw the outer working face of the -cup cone 44 intoengagement with the working faces 75 of the disks 73. This connects thedisks to the driven shaft 25 through the cup cone 44. The lever is nowshifted through the medium of :a rod '80 to throw the frictionalmaterial which covers the Working face of the cone 53 into engagementwith theworking faces 76 of the disks 73, thereby imparting rotation to.said disks, but since said disks are so much larger than the cone 53,it follows that their `revolutions per minute will be considerably lessthan those of said cone. The movements of the disks 73 will be impartedto the driven shaft 25 through the cup cone 44, as will be readilyunderstood, the com parative sizes of the parts being such that the cupcone will rotate once during one revolution of the disks. When this cupcone 44 -is in engagement with the disks, it is apparent that norotation will be imparted thereto unless the cone 53 is in engagementwith the disks. ilf, therefore, the mechanism `and the shaft 25 is to bestopped,`it is only necessary to throw the cone 53 out of eng-agementwith the disks 73 through the connections described.

If it be desired to reverse the ldirection of rotation of the shaft 25,said shaft is moved to such a position that the vcup cone 44 does notYengage either with the disks or with the cone 66. The lever 43 is thenactuated to move the cone 3() through the connections described, intosuch position that its frictional working face 31 is brought intoengagement with the working face 75 of the disks. It will be understoodthat at this time, the cone 53 will be in engagement with the disks andthat rotation will be imparted to the disksby said cone. The movement ofthe cone 30 may be accomplished either by a hand lever or by a footlever (not shown), and this cone may be brought into engagement with theworking surfaces 75 of the disks gradually that there may be suchslipping of the members with relation to each other, as to start theshaft 25 into the reverse, very slowly. It will be seen that when thereverse cone 30 is thrown into engagement with the disks, that saiddisks will be rotating at the same rate of speed at which theyrotatewhen the machine is on the slow speed forward.

I prefer to construct the disks 73 of aluminium alloy, that is, afmaterial composed of aluminium alloyed with vcopper or nickel, `by virtue ofwhich these parts are not only rendered very light, but their workingsurfaces are frictional to such an extent as to provide an efficientgripping between themselves and the parts with which they are broughtinto contact. It is tov be understood, however, that I do not limitmyself to disks constructed of this material, but that they may be madeof any material suitable for the purposes sought.

It will be noted that while the driving members herein shown anddescribed are frictional driving members, they present substantiallysuch inclined engaging surfaces -as would be presented by beveled gearsof a corresponding size. It has been found that where a fiat frictionpulley is brought into engagement with a friction diskor plate, that`structed upon the rules of bevel gear construction and the same freedomfrom torsional twist or strain is had as in a bevel gear construction.There is furthermore no tendency for the driving or driven shafts to beforced out of proper alinement, it being apparent that the pressure willbe equalized by reason of the fact that the cones are in engagement withdriving members upon each side thereof.

When the cup cone 44 is shifted to the left in Fig. 2, it may be shiftedso gradually that itds not immediately locked to the cone 49, but uponthe contrary the driven shaft will begin to turn slowly at first and itsrotation will increase as the driven parts gather momentum and as thecones 44 and 49 are brought closer together, until finally these parts'are locked together and rotate together at the same rate of speed. Itwill therefore be seen that an automobile equipped with thistransmission gearing may bebrought from a stand-still to high speed, bythe actuation of the rod 11. j

By having the driving and the driven shaft lie in longitudinal alinementwith each other and by mounting the friction cones upon theends of theseshafts in the manner set frictional driving parts to slip with relationto each other, a variable speed forward or in a reverse direction may beattained. If for instance the cone 44 is in engagement with the disks,to secure a low speed and the disk 53 be then brought gradually intoengagement with the friction disks to permit van initial slipping ofsaid cone with relation to the disks, a speed even lower than thepositive low speed drive may be had. In fact, any speed betw een* apositive low speed drive and a stand-still may be attained. The samething is true when the reverse cone 30 is in engagement with the disks,as will be readily apparent.

It is apparent that when the shafts 52 and 25 are locked together by thecup cone 44 and the cone 66', the cone 53 may be moved out of engagementwith the disks and the disks will then remain at rest, all of thefriction cones rotating idly with the shafts, thereby reducing the wearand tear upon the working surfaces and requiring less power to drive theparts. The provision of conical engaging members adapted to be throwninto engagement with one another, provides a wedge thrust that isparticularly efficient in securing a positive locking engagement betweenthe parts.

From the foregoing description, it will be seen that simple andefficient means are herein provided for accomplishing the objects setforth, but while the elements shown and described are well adapted toserve the purposes for which they are intended, it is to be understoodthat my invention is not limited to the precise construction set forth,but includes within its purview such changes as may be made within thescope of the appended claims.

Vilhat l claim, is:

1. ln a power transmission device, the combination with a driving shaft,of a driven shaft, a friction disk mounted for rotation upon each sideof said shafts, a pair of friction cones mounted to rotate with thedriven shaft and adapted to engage said friction disks upon oppositesides thereof, and a friction cone rotating with'the driving shaft. andadapted to engage and impart rotation to said disks. p

2. In a power transmission device, the combination with a driving shaft,of a driven shaft, a friction disk mounted for rotation upon each sideof saidshafts, a pair of friction cones mounted to rotate with thedriven shaft and adapted `to engage said friction disks upon oppositesides thereof, vone of said friction cones being slidably mounted uponthe driven shaft, and a friction cone. rotating with the driving shaftand adapted to engage and impart rotation to said disks.

3. .[n apower transmission device, the combination with a driving shaft,of a driven shaft, said driven shaft being mounted for bodily endwisemovement, a friction disk, a shaft upon which said friction disk ismounted, said shaft lying substantially at right angles to the drivenshaft, interlocking members carried upon the adjacent ends of thedriving and the driven shaft and adapted to be brought into engagementwith each other by endwise movement of said shaft, the interlockingmember ofthe driven shaft being adapted to frictionally engage afriction surface of said disk, and a friction cone rotating with thedriving shaft and adapted to engage and impart rotation to said disks.

4. In a power transmission device, the combination with a driving shaft,of a driven shaft, said driven shaft being mounted for bodily endwisemovement, a friction disk, a shaft upon which said friction disk ismounted, said shaft lying substantially at right angles to the drivenshaft, interlocking members carried upon the adjacent ends ofthe drivingand the driven shaft and adapted to be brought into engagement with eachother by endwise movement of said shaft, the interlocking member of thedriven shaft being adapted to frictionally engage a friction surface ofsaid disk, a friction cone mounted to turn with the driven shaft andlocated upon the opposite side of the friction disk from saidinterlocking member and a friction cone rotating with the driving shaftand adapted to engage and impart rotation to said disks.

5. In a power transmission device, the combination with a driving shaft,of a driven shaft, said driven shaft being mounted for bodily endwisemovement, a friction disk, a shaft u on which said friction disk ismounted, sai `shaft lying substantially at right angles to the drivenshaft, interlocking members carried upon the adjacent ends of thedriving and the driven shaft and adapted to be brought into engagementwith each other by endwise movement of said shaft, the interlockingmember of the driven shaft being adapted to frictionally engage afriction surface of said disk, a friction cone mounted to turn with thedriven shaft and located upon the opposite side of the friction diskfrom said interlocking member, said icone lbeing mounted vfor slidingmovement vlupon lthe driven shaft and a friction cone rotating with thedriving shaftiand :adapted to engage and impart rotation lto said disks6. 'In a power transmission device, the combination with .a drivenshaft, of "a driving shaft, one of saidl shafts :being 'mounted forbodily endwise movement with `relation to the other -of said shafts,acup cone fixed upon the end of the movable shaftand having an. outerfriction surface and :an inner friction surface, a friction disk located.u on each side of said cup cone, reach lofsaid ric-v tion disks beingprovided witha friction surface adapted to be engaged iby theouterfriction surface of the cup cone, a member mounted 4upon i thedrivingishaft :and .adapted to engage the inner friction surface "of thecup cone and a ,frictioncone rotating with the drivingshaftand.adaptedrto engage and impart rotation -to saidd1sks.

.7. 'In a `power transmission device, .the combination With a-drivenshaft, of a driving shaft, one of-said shafts fbeing mounted for bodilyendWise movement with relation to the other -of said shafts, a cup conefixed upon the end of the movable shaft and having an outer frictionsurface and an inner friction surface, `a friction disk .located uponeach sideof said cup-cone, each of said frictionA disks beingprovidedWithra rfriction surface adapted to be engagedtbyrthe outerfrictionsurface of the cup cone, a `member mounted upon the driving shaftandadapted to engage the innerjfri'ction surface lof the cup cone, asecond friction vcone mounted u onthe driven shaft upon theopposite sideof the friction disks Afrom the cup cone ,means for `bringing saidYfrictian cone into engagelment withthe frictionsurfaces of the dlsk andxa friction vcone rotating IWith the 'driving shaft, and :adapted tofengage and impartro* ,tation to Vsaid disks.

8. In a power transmission fdevice, the combination'witha driven shaft,-of a driving shaft, a friction disk mounted nfor rotation .faces lof'each Iof ysaid fdisks upon opposite sides fof said disks, and a`friction cone slidably mounted .upon the driving shaft and adapted tobe brought into engagement With the router faces `of each of therdiskssimultaneously. p

9. In -a power transmission device, the combination with a driven shaftof a driving shaft, a pair of friction disks mounted upon each side-.ofthe driven shaft and having inner `and outer friction surfaces, a small.cone slidably `mounted upon thefdriv ing shaftfand adapted to be`brought-in to engagement with the outer friction surfaces of the disksAsimultaneously, a pair Yof lcones larger than the first named cone andmounted to rotatewith the :driven shaft, .and means for `bringing eitherof said larger cones into engagement with the inner friction surfaces ofthe disks.

In `testimony whereof I aiiix Vmy signature in presenceof two witnesses.

JONATHAN U. BAKER.

Witnesses.:

A. L. PHELPS, L. CARL lSTOUGHTON

